State

Umayyad Caliphate

second Islamic caliphate (661–750 CE)

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This boundary
661–750 CE
Founded
661 CE
Ended
750 CE
Capital
Damascus, Harran
Government
monarchy
Languages
Arabic
Religion
Islam
Preceded by
Rashidun CaliphateExarchate of AfricaKingdom of the Nemencha
Succeeded by
Abbasid CaliphateEmirate of Córdoba

Overview

The Umayyad Caliphate, or the Umayyad Empire (US: ; Arabic: ٱلْخِلَافَة ٱلْأُمَوِيَّة, romanized: al-Khilāfa al-Umawiyya), was the second Islamic caliphate, ruled by the Umayyad dynasty from 661 to 750. It succeeded the Rashidun Caliphate, whose third caliph, Uthman ibn Affan (r. 644–656), was also a member of the Umayyad clan. The Umayyad family established hereditary rule under Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan, the long-time governor of Syria, who became caliph in 661 after emerging victorious in the First Fitna. Syria served as the caliphate's metropolitan province thereafter, with Damascus as its capital.

Excerpt from Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

All rulers (14)

  1. Mu'awiya I661–680 CE
  2. Yazid I680–683 CE
  3. Mu'awiya II683–684 CE
  4. Marwan I684–685 CE
  5. Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan685–705 CE
  6. Al-Walid I705–715 CE
  7. Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik715–717 CE
  8. Umar II717–720 CE
  9. Yazid II720–724 CE
  10. Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik724–743 CE
  11. Al-Walid II743–744 CE
  12. Ibrahim ibn al-Walid744 CE
  13. Yazid III744 CE
  14. Marwan II744–750 CE

Records (95)

  1. 627–764 CE — Khazar campaigns in GeorgiaCampaign
  2. 642–744 CE — Arab conquest of ArmeniaWar
  3. 647–709 CE — Muslim conquest of the MaghrebWar
  4. 658–661 CE — Mu'awiya I's Southern CampaignsCampaign
  5. 661–711 CE — Umayyad campaigns in QiqanCampaign
  6. 663 CE — Battle of SipontoBattle
  7. 674–678 CE — Siege of ConstantinopleSiege
  8. 680 CE — Battle of KarbalaBattle · Yazid I ▸ Hussain
  9. 682 CE — Battle of VesceraBattle
  10. 683 CE — Siege of MeccaSiege
  11. 683 CE — Battle of BiskraBattle · Byzantium, Berbers ▸ Umayyad Caliphate
  12. 683 CE — Battle of HarraBattle · Ummayad Caliphate ▸ Rebel Abdullah
  13. 683 CE — Battle of Medina, Saudi ArabiaBattle · Ummayad Caliphate ▸ Arabian Rebels
  14. 684–685 CE — Cilician Campaign of Constantine IVCampaign
  15. 684 CE — Battle of Marj RahitBattle · Umayyad Caliphate ▸ Zubair Rebels
  16. 685–686 CE — Uprising of MukhtarRebellion
  17. 686 CE — Battle of KhazirBattle
  18. 686–688 CE — Caucasian Campaigns of LeontiusCampaign
  19. 688 CE — Battle of MammaBattle
  20. 688 CE — Battle of MamsBattle · Umayyad Caliphate ▸ Berber Kingdom of Altava
  21. 691 CE — Battle of MaskinBattle
  22. 692 CE — Battle of SebastopolisBattle
  23. 692 CE — Battle of MeccaBattle · Umayyad Caliphate ▸ Abdullah ibn Zubair
  24. 694 CE — Battle of MarashBattle
  25. 697 CE — Battle of Carthage, TunisiaBattle · Ummayad Caliphate ▸ Byzantium
  26. 698 CE — Battle of CarthageBattle
  27. 698 CE — Battle of MeskianaBattle
  28. 698 CE — Heraclius' Syrian CampaignCampaign
  29. 700 CE — Battle of TabarkaBattle
  30. 700–704 CE — Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath's revoltRebellion
  31. 701 CE — Battle of Dayr al-JamajimBattle · Ummayad Caliphate ▸ Arab Kufans, non-Arab Malawi
  32. 701 CE — Battle of MaskinBattle · Umayyad Caliphate ▸ Rebels under Ibn al Ashath
  33. 702 CE — Battle of VardanakertBattle
  34. 704 CE — Battle of SisBattle
  35. 707–708 CE — Siege of TyanaSiege
  36. 708 CE — Battle of AmoriumBattle
  37. 709 CE — Battle of BukharaBattle
  38. 711–726 CE — Umayyad conquest of HispaniaWar
  39. 711 CE — Battle of GuadaleteBattle
  40. 711 CE — Siege of CórdobaSiege
  41. 711 CE — Battle of ÉcijaBattle
  42. 712–713 CE — Conquest of MéridaSiege
  43. 712 CE — Battle of ArorBattle
  44. 712 CE — Siege of DebalSiege
  45. 712 CE — Battle of SamarkandBattle
  46. 712 CE — Battle of RaorBattle · Muslim Caliphate ▸ Sindh
  47. 713 CE — Capture of MálagaBattle
  48. 713 CE — Battle of OrihuelaBattle
  49. 717–718 CE — Siege of ConstantinopleBattle
  50. 718 CE — Battle of CovadongaBattle
  51. 719–759 CE — Umayyad invasion of GaulInvasion
  52. 720 CE — Battle of QandabilBattle
  53. 720–740 CE — Umayyad invasions of Asia MinorInvasion
  54. 721 CE — Battle of AkraBattle · Umayyad Caliphate ▸ Governor of Iraq
  55. 722 CE — Battle of OlalíesBattle
  56. 722 CE — Battle of DerbentBattle
  57. 723 CE — Battle of BalanjarBattle
  58. 724 CE — Day of ThirstBattle
  59. 729 CE — Battle of BaykandBattle
  60. 730 CE — Battle of Marj ArdabilBattle
  61. 730 CE — Battle of BajarwanBattle
  62. 731 CE — Battle of LlíviaBattle
  63. 732 CE — Battle of ToursBattle
  64. 732 CE — Battle of the River GaronneBattle
  65. 732 CE — Battle of BalanjarBattle
  66. 732 CE — Battle of AkroinonBattle
  67. 732–739 CE — Marwan ibn Muhammad's Caucasian campaignCampaign
  68. 735–737 CE — Umayyad invasion of GeorgiaInvasion
  69. 736–738 CE — Siege of AnakopiaSiege
  70. 737 CE — Battle of AvignonBattle
  71. 737 CE — Battle of KharistanBattle
  72. 737 CE — Battle of Volga RiverBattle
  73. 739–743 CE — Berber (Amazigh) RevoltRebellion
  74. 740 CE — Battle of AkroinonBattle
  75. 740 CE — Zaydi RevoltRevolution
  76. 740 CE — Battle of the NoblesBattle
  77. 740 CE — Battle of SebouBattle
  78. 740 CE — Battle of El AsnamBattle · Berber Rebels ▸ Arabs
  79. 741 CE — Battle of BagdouraBattle
  80. 741 CE — Siege of GafsaSiege
  81. 741 CE — Umayyad invasion of Asia MinorInvasion
  82. 741 CE — Battle of BakduraBattle · Berbers ▸ Umayyad Caliphate
  83. 742 CE — Battle of al-AsnamBattle
  84. 742 CE — Battle of al-QarnBattle
  85. 742 CE — Battle of CórdobaBattle
  86. 744–747 CE — Third FitnaWar
  87. 744 CE — Battle of Ain DiarBattle · Governor Marwan of Armenia ▸ Caliph Yazid III
  88. 746–750 CE — Abbasid RevolutionRevolution
  89. 746 CE — Battle of KeramaiaNaval battle
  90. 748 CE — Friday BattleBattle
  91. 748 CE — Battle of JurjānBattle
  92. 749–750 CE — Siege of WasitSiege
  93. 749 CE — Battle of KarbalaBattle · Abdul Abas ▸ Merwan II
  94. 750 CE — Battle of the ZabBattle
  95. 800 CE — Campaign of the mudCampaign

Facts from Wikidata (CC0), HCED (CC0) and Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0); overview excerpted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

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