State
Almoravid dynasty
Berber dynasty that once ruled over Al-Andalus and Maghreb
- This boundary
- 1040–1147
- Founded
- 1040
- Ended
- 1147
- Capital
- Azougui, Aghmat, Marrakech
- Government
- monarchy
- Languages
- Berber
- Religion
- Islam
- Preceded by
- taifa (first period)Taifa of GranadaTaifa of Ceuta (1061-1084)Lordship of Valencia
- Succeeded by
- Almohad Caliphatetaifa (second period)
Overview
The Almoravid dynasty (Arabic: المرابطون, romanized: Al-Murābiṭūn, lit. 'those from the ribats') was a Berber Muslim dynasty centered in the territory of present-day Morocco. It established an empire that stretched over the western Maghreb and al-Andalus, starting in the 1050s and lasting until its fall to the Almohads in 1147.
The Almoravids emerged from a coalition of the Lamtuna, Gudala, and Massufa, nomadic Berber tribes living in what is now Mauritania and the Western Sahara, traversing the territory between the Draa, the Niger, and the Senegal rivers. During their expansion into the Maghreb, they founded the city of Marrakesh as a capital, c. 1070. Shortly after this, the empire was divided into two branches: a northern one centered in the Maghreb, led by Yusuf ibn Tashfin and his descendants, and a southern one based in the Sahara, led by Abu Bakr ibn Umar and his descendants.
Records (50)
- 1054–1077 — Almoravid–Ghanaian WarWar
- 1056 — Battle of TabfarillaBattle
- 1082–1103 — Hammadid campaigns on TlemcenCampaign
- 1086 — Battle of SagrajasBattle
- 1090 — Siege of ToledoSiege
- 1091 — Battle of Almodóvar del RíoBattle
- 1094 — Capture of LisbonBattle
- 1097 — Battle of BairénBattle
- 1101–1102 — Siege of ValenciaSiege
- 1108 — Battle of UclésBattle
- 1109–1110 — Almoravid campaign in Central IberiaCampaign
- 1109 — Siege of LisbonSiege
- 1110 — Battle of VatalandiBattle
- 1111 — Capture of SantarémBattle
- 1114 — Battle of MartorellBattle
- 1117 — Siege of CoimbraSiege
- 1118 — Conquest of ZaragozaSiege
- 1120 — Battle of CutandaBattle
- 1120 — Siege of CalatayudSiege
- 1121 — Almoravid–Almohad WarsWar
- 1122–1123 — Siege of LleidaSiege
- 1126 — Battle of CorbinsBattle
- 1126 — Battle of ArnisolBattle
- 1126 — Battle of ArinsolBattle · Aragon ▸ Muslim Spain
- 1129 — Battle of CulleraBattle · Aragon ▸ Muslim Spain
- 1130 — Battle of al-BuhayraBattle
- 1130 — Battle of ValenciaBattle
- 1130 — Capture of AcecaBattle
- 1131 — Battle of AlaminBattle
- 1133 — Andalusian CampaignCampaign
- 1134 — Battle of FragaBattle
- 1134 — Battle of BadajozBattle
- 1137 — Capture of LeiriaBattle
- 1138 — Siege of CoriaSiege
- 1138 — Battle of GuadalquivirBattle
- 1139 — Battle of OuriqueBattle · Portugal ▸ Iberian Muslims, African Muslims
- 1140 — Battle of TrancosoBattle
- 1143 — Battle of MontielBattle
- 1143 — Siège of CeutaSiege
- 1144 — Capture of SoureBattle
- 1144 — Siege of MértolaSiege
- 1144 — Battle of CeutaNaval battle
- 1145 — Battle of AlmosalaBattle
- 1145 — Siege of OrihuelaSiege
- 1146–1147 — Almohad conquest of MarrakeshSiege
- 1146 — Siege of CórdobaSiege
- 1146 — Siege of FezSiege
- 1147 — Battle of LisbonBattle · Portugal, English Crusaders, Flemish Crusaders, German Crusaders ▸ Portuguese Muslims
- 1147 — Battle of SantaremBattle · Portugal ▸ Almoravid Empire
- 1149 — Siege of LleidaSiege
Facts from Wikidata (CC0), HCED (CC0) and Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0); overview excerpted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).