State
Kingdom of Portugal
kingdom in Southwestern Europe (1139–1910)
- This boundary
- 1139–1910
- Founded
- 1139
- Ended
- 1910
- Capital
- Guimarães, Coimbra, Lisbon, Rio de Janeiro
- Government
- absolute monarchy, constitutional monarchy
- Languages
- Portuguese
- Preceded by
- Almohad CaliphateUnited Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the AlgarvesCounty of Portugal
- Succeeded by
- First Portuguese RepublicPortugalUnited Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
Overview
The Kingdom of Portugal was a monarchy in the western Iberian Peninsula and the predecessor of the modern Portuguese Republic. Existing to various extents between the mid-12th century and the early 20th century, it was also known as the Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves after 1471, and was the main constituent of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves, which existed between 1815 and 1822. It coexisted with the Portuguese Empire, the realm's overseas colonies.
All rulers (37)
- Afonso I of Portugal1139–1185
- Sancho I of Portugal1185–1211
- Afonso II of Portugal1211–1223
- Sancho II of Portugal1223–1247
- Afonso III of Portugal1248–1279
- Denis I of Portugal1279–1325
- Afonso IV of Portugal1325–1357
- Peter I of Portugal1357–1367
- Ferdinand I of Portugal1367–1383
- John I of Portugal1385–1433
- Edward I of Portugal1433–1438
- Afonso V of Portugal1438–1481
- John II of Portugal1477
- John II of Portugal1481–1495
- Manuel I of Portugal1495–1521
- John III of Portugal1521–1557
- Sebastian of Portugal1557–1578
- Henry I of Portugal1578–1580
- Philip II of Spain1580–1598
- António, Prior of Crato1580
- Philip III of Spain1598–1621
- Philip IV of Spain1621–1640
- John IV of Portugal1640–1656
- Afonso VI of Portugal1656–1683
- Peter II of Portugal1683–1706
- John V of Portugal1706–1750
- José I of Portugal1750–1777
- Maria I of Portugal1777–1816
- John VI of Portugal1816–1826
- Pedro I of Brazil1826
- Maria II of Portugal1826–1828
- Miguel I of Portugal1828–1834
- Maria II of Portugal1834–1853
- Pedro V of Portugal1853–1861
- Luís I of Portugal1861–1889
- Carlos I of Portugal1889–1908
- Manuel II of Portugal1908–1910
Records (332)
- 1140 — Battle of TrancosoBattle
- 1140 — Battle of Arcos de ValdevezBattle · Portugal ▸ Castille
- 1142 — Siege of LisbonSiege
- 1144 — Capture of SoureBattle
- 1147 — Siege of LisbonSiege
- 1147 — Conquest of SantarémSiege
- 1158–1160 — Luso-Leonese War of 1158–1160War
- 1161 — Battle of Alcácer do SalBattle
- 1162–1165 — Luso–Leonese War of 1162–1165War
- 1165 — Battle of PalmelaBattle
- 1167–1169 — Luso–Leonese War of 1167–1169War
- 1169 — Siege of BadajozSiege
- 1170 — Capture of JuromenhaBattle
- 1171 — Siege of SantarémSiege
- 1172–1212 — Almohad wars in the Iberian PeninsulaWar
- 1179 — Siege of AbrantesSiege
- 1180 — Battle of Cape EspichelNaval battle
- 1180 — Capture of CorucheBattle
- 1181 — Siege of ÉvoraSiege
- 1182 — Battle of SilvesNaval battle
- 1182 — Battle of Ceuta (1182)Naval battle
- 1184 — Siege of SantarémSiege
- 1189 — Siege of SilvesSiege
- 1190 — Siege of TomarSiege
- 1190 — Siege of SilvesSiege
- 1190–1191 — Almohad campaign against PortugalCampaign
- 1191 — Siege of Alcácer do SalSiege
- 1191 — Siege of SilvesSiege
- 1196–1197 — Castilian–Leonese WarWar
- 1196–1200 — Luso-Leonese War of 1196–1200War
- 1217 — Siege of Alcácer do SalSiege
- 1219–1223 — Luso-Leonese War of 1219–1223War
- 1245–1247 — Portuguese Civil War of 1245–1247War
- 1249 — Siege of FaroSiege
- 1250–1253 — Portuguese–Castillian War of 1250–1253War
- 1267 — Treaty of BadajozTreaty
- 1296–1304 — Castilian Civil WarWar
- 1297 — Treaty of AlcañicesTreaty
- 1336 — Battle of Villanueva de BarcarrotaBattle
- 1336–1339 — Luso-Castilian War of 1336–1339War
- 1337 — Battle of Cape St. VincentNaval battle
- 1340 — Battle of Río SaladoBattle
- 1341 — Battle of CeutaNaval battle
- 1342 — Battle of GuadalmesíNaval battle
- 1359 — Battle of BarcelonaNaval battle
- 1369–1371 — First Fernandine WarWar
- 1369–1371 — Siege of ZamoraSiege
- 1369 — Siege of MonçãoSiege
- 1373 — Battle of LisbonNaval battle
- 1381 — Battle of Saltes IslandNaval battle
- 1381–1382 — Third Fernandine WarWar
- 1382 — Treaty of ElvasTreaty
- 1383–1385 — 1383–1385 Portuguese InterregnumWar
- 1384 — Battle of AtoleirosBattle
- 1384 — Siege of LisbonSiege
- 1384 — Naval Battle of the TejoNaval battle
- 1384 — Galician campaignCampaign
- 1385 — Battle of AljubarrotaBattle
- 1386 — Treaty of WindsorTreaty
- 1415 — Conquest of CeutaBattle
- 1419 — First Siege of CeutaSiege
- 1419 — Second Siege of CeutaSiege
- 1437 — Battle of TangierBattle
- 1437 — Battle of OranBattle
- 1449 — Battle of AlfarrobeiraBattle
- 1451 — Battle of Marseille–NiceNaval battle
- 1463–1464 — Siege of TangierSiege
- 1470–1523 — Guaraní invasionsInvasion
- 1475–1476 — Siege of BurgosBattle
- 1476 — Battle of GibraltarNaval battle
- 1476 — Battle of Cape St. VincentNaval battle
- 1477 — Battle of MourãoBattle
- 1478 — Battle of GuineaNaval battle
- 1479 — Battle of La AlbueraBattle
- 1489 — Siege of GraciosaSiege
- 1494 — Treaty of TordesillasTreaty
- 1500–1514 — First Luso-Malabarese WarWar
- 1504 — Battle of CochinBattle
- 1505–1517 — Mamluk–Portuguese conflictsWar
- 1507 — Capture of MuscatSiege
- 1507 — Capture of QurayyatBattle
- 1508 — Battle of ChaulNaval battle
- 1508 — Siege of AsilahSiege
- 1509 — Battle of Cape FinisterreNaval battle
- 1512 — Capture of BanastharimBattle
- 1513 — Battle of MalaccaNaval battle
- 1514 — Battle of the AlcaidesBattle
- 1517–1518 — Portuguese invasion of Couto MistoInvasion
- 1527 — Siege of BenambreSiege
- 1533 — Siege of AgadirSiege
- 1534–1536 — Iguape WarWar
- 1535 — Conquest of TunisSiege
- 1539–1540 — Reishahr rebellionRebellion
- 1543 — Siege of CamparSiege
- 1551 — Siege of JailoloSiege
- 1553 — Battle of the Bay of VelezNaval battle
- 1555–1557 — Portuguese–Adil Shahi WarWar
- 1558 — Vijayanagara Invasion of GoaInvasion
- 1559 — Siege of CannanoreSiege
- 1565 — Battle of Fukuda BayNaval battle
- 1570–1571 — Siege of GoaSiege
- 1577 — 1577 Portuguese voyage to JapanNaval battle
- 1578 — Battle of Alcácer QuibirBattle
- 1579 — Siege of AnzeleSiege
- 1579–1604 — First Luso–Ambundu WarWar
- 1580 — Battle of AlcântaraBattle
- 1580 — Capture of PortoBattle
- 1580 — Cuanza River CampaignCampaign
- 1580 — Naval Battle of the TagusNaval battle
- 1580 — Battle of AlcantaraBattle · Spain ▸ Portugal
- 1581 — Battle of SalgaBattle
- 1582 — Battle of Ponta DelgadaNaval battle
- 1583 — Battle of TalandongoBattle
- 1585 — First Battle of the LucalaBattle
- 1585 — Battle of CasicolaBattle
- 1589 — Battle of MombasaBattle
- 1591 — Battle of FloresNaval battle
- 1591 — Battle of the BerlengasNaval battle
- 1592 — Battle of FloresNaval battle
- 1594 — Sitawaka campaignCampaign
- 1594 — Action of FaialNaval battle
- 1596 — Banten invasion of PalembangInvasion
- 1598 — Battle of PríncipeBattle
- 1602 — Battle of Sesimbra BayNaval battle
- 1602 — Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1602)Naval battle
- 1605 — Syriam battlesBattle
- 1606 — Battle of Cape St. VincentNaval battle
- 1606 — Battle of Pulo ButonNaval battle
- 1607 — Siege of SyriamSiege
- 1608 — Red Seal ship incidentNaval battle
- 1610 — Nossa Senhora da Graça incidentNaval battle
- 1611–1622 — Second Luso–Ambundu WarWar
- 1613 — Siege of SyriamSiege
- 1615 — Battle of ArakanBattle
- 1615 — Battle of ArakanBattle
- 1616 — Battle of ComorosNaval battle
- 1621 — Sinking of the Nossa Senhora da ConceiçãoNaval battle
- 1621–1622 — Anglo-Persian capture of QeshmSiege
- 1621–1630 — Portuguese–Safavid WarWar
- 1623–1625 — Portuguese campaignsCampaign
- 1624–1629 — Safavid invasions of BasraSiege
- 1624 — Filips van Zuylen's campaign against LuandaCampaign
- 1625 — Battle off HormuzNaval battle
- 1630 — Battle of JambiNaval battle
- 1635 — Manuelinho RevoltRebellion
- 1638–1639 — Battle of GoaNaval battle
- 1640–1668 — Portuguese Restoration WarWar
- 1640 — Portuguese Restoration of IndependenceRebellion
- 1640 — 1640 Macau embassy to NagasakiMassacre
- 1641 — Battle of Cape St. VincentNaval battle
- 1641–1642 — Siege of São FilipeSiege
- 1642 — Battle of VilazaBattle
- 1645 — Battle of Casa ForteBattle
- 1646 — Battle of TejucupapoBattle
- 1646 — Battle of KavangaBattle
- 1647 — Siege of KweilinSiege
- 1647–1649 — South Atlantic campaignCampaign
- 1648 — Recapture of AngolaCampaign
- 1658 — Siege of BadajozSiege
- 1659 — Battle of ElvasBattle · Portugal ▸ Spain
- 1663 — Battle of AmeixialBattle · England, Portugal ▸ Spain
- 1665 — Battle of MbwilaBattle
- 1665 — Battle of Montes ClarosBattle · France, Portugal ▸ Spain
- 1666 — Battle of the BerlengasBattle
- 1671 — Battle of Pungo AndongoBattle
- 1681 — Action of 30 September 1681Naval battle
- 1691–1693 — Mbwila RebellionRebellion
- 1704–1705 — Siege of Colonia del SacramentoSiege
- 1704 — Battle of Castelo BrancoBattle
- 1705 — Battle of Cabrita PointNaval battle
- 1705 — Siege of BadajozSiege
- 1706 — Siege of Ciudad RodrigoSiege
- 1706 — Siege of CartagenaSiege
- 1707 — Siege of Ciudad RodrigoSiege
- 1709 — Battle of La GudiñaBattle
- 1709 — Battle of Val GudinaBattle
- 1710 — Battle of Rio de JaneiroNaval battle
- 1711 — Battle of Rio de JaneiroNaval battle
- 1712 — Siege of Campo MaiorSiege
- 1714 — Battle of the Malacca StraitNaval battle
- 1714 — Battle of SuratNaval battle
- 1716 — Siege of CorfuSiege
- 1717 — Battle of MatapanNaval battle
- 1719 — Battle of Cape St. VincentNaval battle
- 1719 — Attack on PríncipeBattle
- 1719 — Persian Gulf campaignCampaign
- 1726 — Battle of CailacoSiege
- 1735–1737 — Spanish–Portuguese War of 1735-1737War
- 1739 — Battle of Porto BelloBattle · United Kingdom ▸ Spain
- 1743 — Siege of OuidahSiege
- 1751 — Action of 28 November 1751Naval battle
- 1754–1756 — Guaraní WarWar
- 1756–1763 — Seven Years' WarWar
- 1756 — Battle of CaiboatéBattle
- 1762–1763 — Spanish–Portuguese War of 1762–1763War
- 1762–1763 — Anglo-Spanish WarWar
- 1762 — Spanish invasion of PortugalInvasion
- 1762 — Battle of Valencia de AlcántaraBattle
- 1762 — Battle of OughelaBattle
- 1762 — Battle of AlvitoBattle
- 1762 — Battle of Vila VelhaBattle · United Kingdom ▸ Spain
- 1774–1778 — First Portuguese–Ovimbundu WarWar
- 1777 — First Treaty of San IldefonsoTreaty
- 1778 — Treaty of El PardoTreaty
- 1779 — Battle of MocaNaval battle
- 1780 — Battle of Cape St. VincentNaval battle
- 1780 — Action of 9 August 1780Naval battle
- 1789 — Action of 26 May 1789Naval battle
- 1792–1802 — French Revolutionary WarsWar
- 1793–1795 — War of the PyreneesWar
- 1793 — Battle of VillelongueBattle
- 1794 — Battle of the Black MountainBattle
- 1794 — Battle of BoulouBattle
- 1794 — Battle of San Lorenzo de la MugaBattle
- 1794 — First Battle of Sant Llorenç de la MugaBattle
- 1795 — Battle of BascaraBattle
- 1797 — Battle of Cape St. VincentNaval battle
- 1798–1802 — War of the Second CoalitionWar
- 1799 — Action of 15 August 1799Naval battle
- 1801 — Treaty of BadajozTreaty
- 1801 — Second Battle of AlgecirasNaval battle
- 1801 — Algeciras CampaignCampaign
- 1801 — Battle of Flor da RosaBattle
- 1802 — Action of 27 May 1802Naval battle
- 1803–1810 — Caribbean campaign of 1803–1810Campaign
- 1807 — Invasion of PortugalInvasion
- 1807–1811 — French invasions of PortugalInvasion
- 1808 — Battle of VimeiroBattle
- 1808 — Battle of RoliçaBattle
- 1808 — Battle of ÉvoraBattle
- 1808 — Combat of Padrões de TeixeiraBattle
- 1808 — Battle of EvoraBattle · France ▸ Spain, Portugal
- 1808 — Battle of ObidosBattle · United Kingdom ▸ France
- 1808 — Battle of RolicaBattle · United Kingdom, Portugal ▸ France
- 1809 — Second Battle of PortoBattle
- 1809 — First Battle of PortoBattle
- 1809 — Battle of BragaBattle
- 1809 — Battle of GrijóBattle
- 1809 — Battle of the Bridge of AmaranteBattle
- 1809 — Battle of Valle de MonterreyBattle
- 1809 — Battle of AlcántaraBattle
- 1809 — Battle of Puerto de BañosBattle
- 1809 — First Siege of ChavesSiege
- 1809 — Reconquest of VigoSiege
- 1809 — Second French invasion of PortugalInvasion
- 1809 — Second Siege of ChavesSiege
- 1809 — Battle of AmaranteBattle · France ▸ Portugal
- 1809 — Battle of ArzobispoBattle · France ▸ Spain
- 1809 — Battle of ChavesBattle · France ▸ Portugal
- 1809 — Battle of DouroBattle · United Kingdom ▸ France
- 1809 — Battle of GrijonBattle · France ▸ United Kingdom
- 1809 — Battle of Oporto (1st)Battle · France ▸ Portugal
- 1809 — Battle of Oporto (2nd)Battle · United Kingdom, Portugal ▸ France
- 1809 — Battle of VillafrancaBattle · Spain ▸ France
- 1810 — Battle of BussacoBattle
- 1810–1812 — Siege of CádizSiege
- 1810 — Battle of the CôaBattle
- 1810 — Combat of BarquillaBattle
- 1810 — Battle of SobralBattle
- 1810–1811 — Third French invasion of PortugalInvasion
- 1810 — Battle of PortazgoBattle
- 1810 — Battle of Évora de AlcobaçaBattle
- 1810 — Battle of Fuente de CantosBattle
- 1810 — Battle of BarquillaBattle · France ▸ United Kingdom
- 1810 — Battle of CoaBattle · France ▸ United Kingdom, Portugal
- 1810 — Battle of Torres VedrasBattle · United Kingdom ▸ France
- 1811 — Battle of AlbueraBattle
- 1811 — Battle of the GeboraBattle
- 1811 — Battle of Fuentes de OñoroBattle
- 1811 — Battle of BarrosaBattle
- 1811 — Battle of Arroyo dos MolinosBattle
- 1811 — Battle of RedinhaBattle
- 1811 — Battle of SabugalBattle
- 1811 — Battle of Casal NovoBattle
- 1811 — Battle of El BodonBattle
- 1811 — Battle of UsagreBattle
- 1811 — Battle of PombalBattle
- 1811 — Battle of Foz de ArouceBattle
- 1811 — Blockade of AlmeidaSiege
- 1811 — Second siege of BadajozSiege
- 1811 — Battle of Campo MaiorBattle
- 1811 — Battle of Aldeia da PonteBattle
- 1811 — Combat of Aldea da PonteBattle
- 1811 — Combat of the Alva RiverBattle
- 1811 — Battle of Cazal NovoBattle · France ▸ United Kingdom
- 1811 — Battle of Coimbra, PortugalBattle · Portugal ▸ France
- 1811 — Battle of CondeixaBattle · France ▸ United Kingdom, Portugal
- 1811 — Battle of Foz dAronceBattle · United Kingdom ▸ France
- 1811 — Battle of RedhinaBattle · France ▸ United Kingdom, Portugal
- 1812 — Battle of SalamancaBattle
- 1812 — Siege of BadajozSiege
- 1812 — Siege of Ciudad RodrigoSiege
- 1812 — Siege of BurgosSiege
- 1812 — Battle of MajadahondaBattle
- 1812 — Battle of AlmarazBattle
- 1812 — Battle of TordesillasSiege
- 1812 — Battle of Alba de TormesBattle
- 1812 — Siege of the Salamanca fortsSiege
- 1812 — Battle of AlmagroBattle
- 1812 — Battle of SevilleBattle
Facts from Wikidata (CC0), HCED (CC0) and Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0); overview excerpted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).