State

Switzerland

country in Central Europe

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This boundary
1291–1945
Founded
1291
Capital
Bern
Government
directorial system, federal republic
Languages
German, Italian, French, Romansh

Overview

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located at the intersection of Central, Western, and Southern Europe. It is bordered by Germany to the north, France to the west, Austria and Liechtenstein to the east, and Italy to the south. Switzerland is geographically divided among the Swiss Alps, the Swiss Plateau, and the Jura Mountains; the Alps cover most of the country's territory, whereas the majority of its 9 million people are concentrated on the plateau, which hosts many of the largest cities and economic centres, including Zurich, Geneva, Basel, Bern, Lausanne, Winterthur, and Lucerne.

Excerpt from Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

All rulers (38)

  1. Josef Munzinger1848–1855
  2. Stefano Franscini1848–1857
  3. Wilhelm Matthias Naeff1848–1875
  4. Ulrich Ochsenbein1848–1854
  5. Friedrich Frey-Herosé1848–1866
  6. Jonas Furrer1848–1861
  7. Jakob Stämpfli1854–1863
  8. Constant Fornerod1855–1867
  9. Josef Martin Knüsel1855–1875
  10. Jakob Dubs1861–1872
  11. Emil Welti1867–1891
  12. Paul Cérésole1870–1875
  13. Johann Jakob Scherer1872–1878
  14. Joachim Heer1875–1878
  15. Louis Ruchonnet1875–1893
  16. Bernhard Hammer1876–1890
  17. Simeon Bavier1878–1883
  18. Wilhelm Hertenstein1879–1888
  19. Walter Hauser1888–1902
  20. Emil Frey1891–1897
  21. Adrien Lachenal1892–1899
  22. Eduard Müller1895–1919
  23. Marc-Emile Ruchet1899–1912
  24. Josef Anton Schobinger1908–1911
  25. Edmund Schulthess1912–1935
  26. Felix Calonder1913–1920
  27. Gustave Ador1917–1919
  28. Ernest Chuard1919–1928
  29. Heinrich Häberlin1920–1934
  30. Karl Scheurer1920–1929
  31. Marcel Pilet-Golaz1928–1944
  32. Rudolf Minger1929–1940
  33. Albert Meyer1930–1938
  34. Johannes Baumann1934–1940
  35. Philipp Etter1934–1959
  36. Walther Stampfli1940–1947
  37. Karl Kobelt1940–1954
  38. Ernst Nobs1944–1951

Records (96)

  1. 203 BCE — Po Valley RaidBattle
  2. 57–56 BCE — Battle of OctodurusBattle
  3. 57 BCE — Battle of OctodurusBattle
  4. 298 CE — Battle of VindonissaBattle
  5. 919 CE — Battle of WinterthurBattle
  6. 1291–1499 — War between Switzerland and the House of HabsburgWar
  7. 1292 — Battle of Saint GeorgeBattle
  8. 1296 — Battle of CoffraneBattle
  9. 1298 — Battle of DornbühlBattle
  10. 1315 — Battle of MorgartenBattle
  11. 1331–1333 — GümmenenkriegWar
  12. 1339 — Battle of LaupenBattle
  13. 1349 — Basel massacreMassacre
  14. 1349 — Zurich massacreMassacre
  15. 1375–1376 — Gugler WarWar
  16. 1380 — Battle of SörenbergBattle
  17. 1382–1384 — BurgdorferkriegWar
  18. 1386 — Battle of SempachBattle
  19. 1388 — Battle of NäfelsBattle
  20. 1388 — Battle of VispBattle
  21. 1403 — Battle of VögelinseggBattle
  22. 1419 — Second Battle of UlrichenBattle
  23. 1422 — Battle of ArbedoBattle
  24. 1440–1446 — Old Zürich WarWar
  25. 1440 — Meeting at PfäffikonBattle
  26. 1440 — Siege of GrüningenSiege
  27. 1443 — Battle of St. Jakob an der SihlBattle
  28. 1443 — Siege of BremgartenSiege
  29. 1443 — Siege of RegensbergSiege
  30. 1443 — Siege of GrüningenSiege
  31. 1444 — Battle of St. Jakob an der BirsBattle
  32. 1444 — Massacre of GreifenseeSiege
  33. 1445 — Siege of SargansSiege
  34. 1445 — Siege of WilSiege
  35. 1468 — WaldshuterkriegWar
  36. 1475 — Battle on the PlantaBattle
  37. 1476 — Battle of MoratBattle
  38. 1478 — Battle of GiornicoBattle
  39. 1489–1490 — Rorschacher KlosterbruchWar
  40. 1499 — Swabian WarWar
  41. 1499 — Treaty of BaselTreaty
  42. 1499 — Battle of DornachBattle
  43. 1499 — Battle of SchwaderlohBattle
  44. 1513 — Köniz uprisingRebellion
  45. 1516 — Treaty of Fribourg (1516)Treaty
  46. 1519 — Herring WarWar
  47. 1531 — Second War of KappelWar
  48. 1531 — Battle of KappelBattle
  49. 1531 — Battle of GubelBattle
  50. 1531 — Battle of ZugBattle · Swiss Catholics ▸ Swiss Protestants
  51. 1620 — Battle of TiranoBattle · Swiss Italian Catholics, Spanish Milan ▸ Switzerland
  52. 1626 — Treaty of MonçonTreaty
  53. 1633 — Siege of RheinfeldenSiege
  54. 1638 — Battle of RheinfeldenBattle
  55. 1656 — Siege of RapperswilSiege
  56. 1678 — Battle of RheinfeldenBattle
  57. 1754 — Treaty of TurinTreaty
  58. 1781 — Chenaux uprisingRebellion
  59. 1782 — Geneva Revolution of 1782Rebellion
  60. 1792 — Capture of PorrentruySiege
  61. 1795 — Peace of BaselTreaty
  62. 1798–1802 — War of the Second CoalitionWar
  63. 1798 — Battle of GrauholzBattle
  64. 1798 — Battle of NeueneggBattle
  65. 1798 — Battle of FraubrunnenBattle
  66. 1798 — Battle of LongeauBattle
  67. 1798 — Battle of Col de la CroixBattle
  68. 1799 — Battle of WinterthurBattle
  69. 1799 — Second Battle of ZurichBattle
  70. 1799 — First Battle of ZurichBattle
  71. 1799 — Battle of FrauenfeldBattle
  72. 1799 — Battle of Linth RiverBattle
  73. 1799 — Battle of Gotthard PassBattle
  74. 1799 — Battle of GlarusBattle
  75. 1799 — Battle of AmstegBattle
  76. 1799 — Battle of Devil's BridgeBattle
  77. 1799 — Battle of OberwaldBattle
  78. 1799 — Battle of SchwyzBattle
  79. 1800 — Second Italian CampaignCampaign
  80. 1804 — BockenkriegWar
  81. 1815 — Federal TreatyTreaty
  82. 1832 — SiebnerkonkordatTreaty
  83. 1845 — Battle of GisikonBattle · Loyal Cantons ▸ Sonderbund
  84. 1847 — Sonderbund WarWar
  85. 1859 — Treaty of ZürichTreaty
  86. 1864 — Geneva Convention of 1864Treaty
  87. 1874 — Treaty of BernTreaty
  88. 1886 — Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic WorksTreaty
  89. 1923 — Treaty of LausanneTreaty
  90. 1925 — Locarno TreatiesTreaty
  91. 1925 — Geneva ProtocolTreaty
  92. 1925 — International Opium ConventionTreaty
  93. 1926 — Slavery ConventionTreaty
  94. 1929 — Geneva Convention on Prisoners of WarTreaty
  95. 1932 — Lausanne Conference of 1932Treaty
  96. 1934 — Baltic EntenteTreaty

Facts from Wikidata (CC0), HCED (CC0) and Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0); overview excerpted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

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