State

Finland

country in Northern Europe

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This boundary
1917–1945
Founded
1917
Capital
Helsinki, Turku
Government
parliamentary republic
Languages
Finnish, Swedish
Preceded by
Kingdom of Finland

Overview

Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, opposite Estonia. Its capital and largest city is Helsinki. Finland has a population of 5.7 million. The official languages are Finnish and Swedish, the mother tongues of 83.5 percent and 5.0 percent of the population, respectively. Finland's climate varies from humid continental in the south to boreal in the north. Its land is predominantly covered by boreal forest, with over 180,000 recorded lakes.

Excerpt from Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

All rulers (6)

  1. Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg1919–1925
  2. Lauri Kristian Relander1925–1931
  3. Pehr Evind Svinhufvud1931–1937
  4. Kyösti Kallio1937–1940
  5. Risto Ryti1940–1944
  6. Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim1944–1946

Records (116)

  1. 1496 — Battle of NyslottBattle
  2. 1563 — Siege of ÅboSiege
  3. 1596–1597 — Cudgel WarRebellion
  4. 1597 — Siege of Turku CastleSiege
  5. 1713 — Battle of LandsbroBattle
  6. 1713 — Battle of HelsinkiBattle
  7. 1714 — Battle of NapueBattle
  8. 1716 — Siege of Kajaani CastleSiege
  9. 1741–1743 — Russo-Swedish War of 1741-1743War
  10. 1741 — Battle of VillmanstrandBattle
  11. 1789 — Battle of PorrassalmiBattle
  12. 1789 — Battle of UttismalmBattle
  13. 1789 — Kyyrö BattleBattle
  14. 1790 — Battle of FredrikshamnBattle
  15. 1790 — Battle of Keltis barracksBattle
  16. 1790 — Battle of PirttimäkiBattle
  17. 1807–1812 — Anglo-Russian WarWar
  18. 1808–1809 — Finnish WarWar
  19. 1808 — Battle of SiikajokiBattle
  20. 1808 — Battle of KoljonvirtaBattle
  21. 1808 — Battle of AlavusBattle
  22. 1808 — Battle of LapuaBattle
  23. 1808 — Siege of SveaborgSiege
  24. 1808 — Battle of LemoBattle
  25. 1808 — Battle of VaasaBattle
  26. 1808 — Battle of KauhajokiBattle
  27. 1808 — Battle of NykarlebyBattle
  28. 1808 — Helsinki village landingBattle
  29. 1808 — Battle of ÖmossaBattle
  30. 1808 — Battle of SamelinlaksoBattle
  31. 1854 — Battle of BomarsundBattle
  32. 1906 — Sveaborg RebellionRebellion
  33. 1917–1944 — Soviet-Finnish warsWar
  34. 1917 — Skirmish on the German CapeBattle
  35. 1918 — Finnish Civil WarWar
  36. 1918 — Battle of TampereBattle
  37. 1918 — Battle of HelsinkiBattle
  38. 1918 — Battle of ViipuriBattle
  39. 1918 — Vyborg massacreMassacre
  40. 1918–1920 — First Soviet-Finnish WarWar
  41. 1918 — Battle of SyrjäntakaBattle
  42. 1918 — Battle of VilppulaBattle
  43. 1918 — Battle of LahtiBattle
  44. 1918 — Battle of LänkipohjaBattle
  45. 1918 — Battle of OuluBattle
  46. 1918 — Battle of TornioBattle
  47. 1918 — Battle of HämeenlinnaBattle
  48. 1918 — Battle of RuovesiBattle
  49. 1918 — Battle of AhvenkoskiBattle
  50. 1918 — Battle of HyvinkääBattle
  51. 1918 — Battle of VarkausBattle
  52. 1918 — Harmoinen sick room mass murderMassacre
  53. 1918 — Battles of JoutsenoBattle
  54. 1918 — Occupation of VaasaBattle
  55. 1918 — Battle of KarisBattle
  56. 1918 — Vihti Massacre of 1918Massacre
  57. 1918 — Battle of NaulasaariBattle
  58. 1918 — Battle of MäkeläBattle
  59. 1918 — Battle of KristiinankaupunkiBattle
  60. 1918 — Battle of PellinkiBattle
  61. 1918 — Battle of LaitikkalaBattle
  62. 1918 — Battle of TikkurilaBattle
  63. 1918 — Battle of AnianpeltoBattle
  64. 1918 — Battle of OravalaBattle
  65. 1918 — Battle of JokelaBattle
  66. 1918 — Viipuri County Prison massacreMassacre
  67. 1918 — Executions in VästankvarnMassacre
  68. 1918 — Battle of AlandBattle
  69. 1918 — Battle of OuloBattle · Finland ▸ Bolsheviks
  70. 1918 — Battle of PorvooBattle · Finnish Communists ▸ Finnish Anti-Communists
  71. 1918 — Battle of RautuBattle · Finland ▸ Russian Bolsheviks
  72. 1918 — Battle of SigurdsBattle · Finnish Reds ▸ Finnish Whites
  73. 1918 — Battle of VyborgBattle · Finnish Whites ▸ Russian Bolsheviks
  74. 1921 — Åland conventionTreaty
  75. 1921–1922 — East Karelian UprisingRebellion
  76. 1932 — Nivala rebellionRebellion
  77. 1939–1940 — Winter WarWar
  78. 1939–1940 — Battle of SuomussalmiBattle
  79. 1939 — Battle of TolvajärviBattle
  80. 1939–1940 — Battle of SallaBattle
  81. 1939 — Battle of KeljaBattle
  82. 1939 — Battle of Varolampi PondBattle
  83. 1939 — Battle of HelsinkiBattle · USSR ▸ Finland
  84. 1939 — Battle of Mannerheim LineBattle · Finland ▸ USSR
  85. 1939 — Battle of PetsamoBattle · USSR ▸ Finland
  86. 1939 — Battle of TolvajarviBattle · Finland ▸ USSR
  87. 1940 — Moscow Peace TreatyTreaty
  88. 1940 — Battle of Raate RoadBattle
  89. 1940 — Battle of HonkaniemiBattle
  90. 1940 — Battle of KuhmoBattle
  91. 1940 — Agreement between the USSR and Finland on the Åland IslandsTreaty
  92. 1940 — Second Battle of SummaBattle
  93. 1940 — Battle of Mannerheim LineBattle · USSR ▸ Finland
  94. 1941 — Operation BarbarossaInvasion
  95. 1941–1945 — Eastern FrontWar
  96. 1941–1944 — Continuation WarWar
  97. 1941 — Battle of HankoBattle
  98. 1941 — Battle of BengtskärBattle
  99. 1941 — Battle of MorgonlandetBattle
  100. 1941 — Battle of TuulosBattle
  101. 1944–1945 — Lapland WarWar
  102. 1944 — Moscow ArmisticeTreaty
  103. 1944 — Battle of Tali-IhantalaBattle
  104. 1944 — Battle of IlomantsiBattle
  105. 1944 — Battle of TienhaaraBattle
  106. 1944 — Battle of VuosalmiBattle
  107. 1944 — Battle of TornioBattle
  108. 1944 — Battle of RovaniemiBattle
  109. 1944 — Battle of KuuterselkäBattle
  110. 1944 — Amphibious Operation at LiinahamariBattle
  111. 1944 — Battle of OlhavaBattle
  112. 1944 — Battle of MuonioBattle
  113. 1944 — Battle of TankavaaraBattle
  114. 1944 — Battle of ÖykkösenvaaraBattle
  115. 1944 — Battle of IhantalaBattle · Finland, Germany ▸ USSR
  116. 1944 — Battle of LaplandBattle · Finland, USSR ▸ Germany

Facts from Wikidata (CC0), HCED (CC0) and Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0); overview excerpted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

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