State

Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt

Egyptian state spanning in Hejaz and the Levant (1250–1517)

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This boundary
1250–1517
Founded
1250
Ended
1517
Capital
Cairo
Government
monarchy
Languages
Arabic, Mamluk-Kipchak
Preceded by
Abbasid CaliphateKingdom of JerusalemAyyubid Egypt
Succeeded by
Habesh eyalet

Overview

The Mamluk Sultanate (Arabic: سلطنة المماليك, romanized: Salṭanat al-Mamālīk), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries, with Cairo as its capital. It was ruled by a military caste of mamluks (freed slave soldiers) headed by a sultan. The sultanate was established with the overthrow of the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt in 1250 and was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1517. Mamluk history is generally divided into the Turkic or Bahri period (1250–1382) and the Circassian or Burji period (1382–1517), named after the predominant ethnicity or corps of the ruling Mamluks during these respective eras.

Excerpt from Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

All rulers (89)

  1. As-Saffah750–754 CE
  2. Al-Mansur754–775 CE
  3. Al-Mahdi775–785 CE
  4. Al-Hadi785–786 CE
  5. Harun al-Rashid786–809 CE
  6. Al-Amin809–813 CE
  7. al-Maʾmun813–833 CE
  8. Al-Mu'tasim833–842 CE
  9. Al-Wathiq842–847 CE
  10. Al-Mutawakkil847–861 CE
  11. Al-Muntasir861–862 CE
  12. Al-Musta'in862–865 CE
  13. Al-Mu'tazz866–869 CE
  14. Al-Muhtadi869–870 CE
  15. Al-Mu'tamid870–892 CE
  16. Al-Mu'tadid892–902 CE
  17. Al-Muktafi902–908 CE
  18. Al-Muqtadir908–932 CE
  19. Al-Qahir932–934 CE
  20. Ar-Radi934–940 CE
  21. Al-Muttaqi940–944 CE
  22. Al-Mustakfi944–946 CE
  23. Al-Muti946–974 CE
  24. At-Ta'i974–991 CE
  25. Al-Qadir991–1031 CE
  26. Al-Qa'im1031–1075
  27. Al-Muqtadi1075–1094
  28. Al-Mustazhir1094–1118
  29. Al-Mustarshid1118–1135
  30. Al-Rashid1135–1136
  31. Al-Muqtafi1136–1160
  32. Al-Mustanjid1160–1170
  33. Saladin1169–1193
  34. Al-Mustadi1170–1180
  35. Al-Nasir1180–1225
  36. Al-Aziz Uthman1193–1198
  37. Al-Mansur Nasir al-Din Muhammad1198–1200
  38. Al-Adil I1200–1217
  39. Al-Kamil1218–1238
  40. Az-Zahir1225–1226
  41. Al-Mustansir1226–1242
  42. Al-Adil II1238–1240
  43. As-Salih Najm al-din Ayyub1240–1249
  44. Al-Musta'sim1242–1258
  45. Al-Muazzam Turanshah1249–1250
  46. Shajar al-Durr1250
  47. Aybak1250
  48. Al-Ashraf1250–1254
  49. Aybak1254–1257
  50. Al-Mansur Ali1257–1259
  51. Qutuz1259–1260
  52. Baibars1260–1277
  53. Al-Mustansir II of Cairo1261
  54. al-Hakim I1262–1302
  55. Al-Said Barakah1277–1279
  56. Qalawun1279–1290
  57. Solamish1279
  58. Al-Ashraf Khalil1290–1293
  59. Al-Nasir Muhammad1293–1294
  60. Al-Adil Kitbugha1294–1296
  61. Lajin1296–1299
  62. Al-Nasir Muhammad1299–1309
  63. Al-Mustakfi I of Cairo1302–1340
  64. Baibars II1308–1309
  65. Baibars II1309–1310
  66. Al-Nasir Muhammad1310–1341
  67. Al-Wathiq I1336–1341
  68. Kujuk1341–1342
  69. Saif ad-Din Abu-Bakr1341
  70. Al-Hakim II1341–1352
  71. Shihab ad-Din Ahmad1342
  72. Al-Salih Ismail1342–1345
  73. Al-Kamil Shaban1345–1346
  74. Al-Mudhàffar Hajjí1346–1347
  75. An-Nàssir Hàssan1347–1351
  76. Al-Salih Salih1351–1354
  77. Al-Mu'tadid I1352–1362
  78. An-Nàssir Hàssan1355–1361
  79. al-Mansur Muhammad1361–1363
  80. Al-Ashraf Sha'ban1363–1377
  81. Al-Mansur Alà-ad-Din Alí1377–1381
  82. Al-Salih Hajji1381–1382
  83. Al-Salih Hajji1389–1390
  84. Nasir-ad-Din Faraj1399–1405
  85. Nasir-ad-Din Faraj1405–1412
  86. Al-Manszúr Abd al-Azíz1405
  87. Al-Musta'in1412
  88. Al-Mu'tadid II1414–1441
  89. Hamoud bin Mohammed Al Busaidi1896–1902

Records (83)

  1. 1250 — Battle of FariskurBattle · Egypt ▸ France
  2. 1250 — Battle of Mansura, EgyptBattle · Ayubbid Egypt ▸ France
  3. 1251 — Battle of al-KuraBattle
  4. 1256 — Battle of JaffaBattle
  5. 1260 — Battle of Ain JalutBattle
  6. 1260 — First Battle of HomsBattle
  7. 1261–1262 — Siege of MosulSiege
  8. 1265 — Fall of ArsufSiege
  9. 1265 — Fall of HaifaSiege
  10. 1265 — Fall of CaesareaSiege
  11. 1265 — Battle of the OrontesBattle
  12. 1266 — Battle of MariBattle
  13. 1266 — Siege of SafedSiege
  14. 1266 — Battle of Al-RuwaysBattle
  15. 1268 — Siege of AntiochSiege
  16. 1268 — Fall of JaffaBattle
  17. 1268 — Fall of Beaufort CastleSiege
  18. 1269 — Battle of Toron SaladiniBattle
  19. 1271 — Fall of Krak des ChevaliersSiege
  20. 1271 — Siege of TripoliSiege
  21. 1271 — Battle of QaqunBattle
  22. 1271 — Fall of Montfort CastleSiege
  23. 1271 — Fall of GibelacarSiege
  24. 1271 — Battle of Krak de ChevaliersBattle · Mamlukes ▸ Knights Hospitallier
  25. 1272 — Siege of al-BiraSiege
  26. 1276 — Battle of DongolaBattle
  27. 1276 — Second Battle of Sarvandik'arBattle
  28. 1280 — Battle of al-JassoraBattle
  29. 1280 — Battle of GazaBattle
  30. 1281 — Second Battle of HomsBattle
  31. 1281 — Battle of HomsBattle · Mamlukes ▸ Mongols, Armenia, Crusaders
  32. 1285 — Siege of MargatSiege
  33. 1287 — Fourth battle of DongolaBattle
  34. 1289 — Fall of TripoliSiege
  35. 1289 — Battle of Tripoli, LebanonBattle · Mamluks, Syria ▸ County of Tripoli, Crusaders
  36. 1291 — Siege of AcreBattle
  37. 1292 — Siege of RumkaleSiege
  38. 1292–1305 — Kisrawan campaignsCampaign
  39. 1299 — Battle of Wadi al-KhaznadarBattle
  40. 1300 — Capture of DamascusSiege
  41. 1302 — Fall of RuadSiege
  42. 1303 — Battle of Marj al-SaffarBattle
  43. 1303 — Battle of AleppoBattle
  44. 1312–1313 — Siege of Al-RahbaSiege
  45. 1365 — Battle of AlexandriaBattle · Cyprus ▸ Egypt
  46. 1367 — Battle of TripoliBattle
  47. 1367 — Battle of CairoBattle
  48. 1375 — Fall of SisSiege
  49. 1383 — Battle of BeirutBattle
  50. 1390–1399 — Bayezid I's Anatolian campaignsCampaign
  51. 1400–1401 — Siege of DamascusSiege
  52. 1400 — Battle of AleppoBattle
  53. 1400 — Battle of AleppoBattle
  54. 1400–1401 — Syrian campaignCampaign
  55. 1407 — Çekem's Aq Qoyunlu campaignCampaign
  56. 1409 — Mamluk campaign against Mecca (1409)War
  57. 1429–1433 — Edessa CampaignsCampaign
  58. 1436 — Battle of DiyarbakırBattle
  59. 1438 — Aq Qoyunlu campaignCampaign
  60. 1440 — Action of 1440Naval battle
  61. 1464–1465 — Siege of GergerSiege
  62. 1468 — Battle of LarendeBattle
  63. 1470–1474 — Aq Qoyunlu–Mamluk WarWar
  64. 1480 — Battle of UrfaBattle
  65. 1485–1491 — Ottoman–Mamluk WarWar
  66. 1485 — Adana campaignCampaign
  67. 1485 — Battle of MalatyaBattle
  68. 1488 — Battle of Aga-CayiriBattle
  69. 1490 — Siege of KayseriSiege
  70. 1504 — Battle of PandaraneBattle
  71. 1505–1517 — Mamluk–Portuguese conflictsWar
  72. 1508 — Battle of ChaulNaval battle
  73. 1509 — Battle of DiuNaval battle
  74. 1511 — Battle of DiyarbakırBattle
  75. 1516 — Battle of Marj DabiqBattle
  76. 1516–1517 — Ottoman–Mamluk War of 1516–17War
  77. 1516 — Battle of Yaunis KhanBattle
  78. 1516 — Capture of AleppoBattle
  79. 1516 — Capture of DamascusSiege
  80. 1516 — Battle of GazaBattle
  81. 1517 — Battle of RidaniyaBattle
  82. 1517 — Capture of CairoSiege
  83. 1517 — Siege of JeddahNaval battle

Facts from Wikidata (CC0), HCED (CC0) and Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0); overview excerpted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

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