State
Kingdom of Armenia
ancient state of Armenia
- This boundary
- 553 BCE – 428 CE
- Founded
- 553 BCE
- Ended
- 428 CE
- Capital
- Van, Tigranocerta, Artashat (Armenia), Arshakavan
- Government
- absolute monarchy
- Languages
- Armenian, Aramaic, Greek
- Religion
- Armenian mythology, Zoroastrianism, Christianity
- Preceded by
- Satrapy of Armenia
- Succeeded by
- Sasanian Armenia
Overview
The Kingdom of Greater Armenia or simply Greater Armenia or Armenia Major (Armenian: Մեծ Հայք Mets Hayk; Latin: Armenia Maior), sometimes referred to as the Armenian Empire under Tigranes II, was an Armenian kingdom in the Ancient Near East which existed from 331 BC to 428 AD. Its history is divided into the successive reigns of three royal dynasties: Orontid (331–200 BC), Artaxiad (189 BC – 12 AD), and Arsacid (52–428).
The root of the kingdom lies in the Satrapy of Armenia of the Achaemenid Empire of Iran, which was formed from the territory of Urartu (860–590 BC) after it was conquered by the Medes in 590 BC. The satrapy became a kingdom in 321 BC during the reign of the Orontid dynasty after the conquest of Persia by Alexander the Great, which was then incorporated as one of the Hellenistic kingdoms of the Seleucid Empire.
Records (39)
- 184 BCE — Alan invasion of ArmeniaInvasion
- 95–75 BCE — Military campaigns of Tigranes the GreatCampaign
- 94–92 BCE — Armenian–Parthian WarWar
- 87–85 BCE — Armenian–Parthian WarWar
- 69 BCE — Battle of TigranocertaBattle
- 68 BCE — Siege of NisibisSiege
- 68 BCE — Battle of ArtaxataBattle · Rome ▸ Pontus, Armenia
- 66 BCE — Siege of ArtaxataSiege
- 36 BCE — Battle of PraaspaBattle
- 34 BCE — Antony's campaign against ArmeniaCampaign
- 30 BCE — Artaxias II's massacre of the Roman garrison in ArmeniaMassacre
- 35 CE — Iberian invasion of ArmeniaInvasion
- 50–53 CE — Iberian–Armenian WarWar
- 52–53 CE — Siege of Garni (52–53)Siege
- 58–63 CE — Roman–Parthian War of 58–63War
- 58 CE — Battle of ArtaxataBattle · Rome ▸ Armenia
- 72 CE — Alan invasion of ParthiaInvasion
- 115–117 CE — Trajan's Parthian campaignWar
- 283 CE — Carus and Numerian's Sasanian campaignCampaign
- 296 CE — Battle of CarrhaeBattle
- 298 CE — Battle of ErzurumBattle · Rome ▸ Persia
- 335–336 CE — Sanesan invasion of ArmeniaInvasion
- 336 CE — Battle of Oxacan (336)Battle
- 336 CE — Battle of OshakanBattle
- 337 CE — Battle of ArestBattle
- 344 CE — Battle of SingaraBattle
- 350 CE — Battle of VoskhaBattle
- 350 CE — Shapur II's invasion of ArmeniaInvasion
- 363 CE — Battle of CtesiphonBattle
- 363 CE — Julian's Persian expeditionCampaign
- 363 CE — Battle of GandzakBattle
- 363–371 CE — Armeno-Sassanid War of 363–371War
- 364 CE — Battle of ArestBattle
- 364 CE — Battle of YerevyalBattle
- 364 CE — Battle of VoskhaBattle
- 368 CE — Siege of ArtogerassaSiege
- 371 CE — Battle of BagavanBattle
- 388 CE — Battle of YerevyalBattle
- 451 CE — Battle of AvarayrBattle · Persia ▸ Armenia
Facts from Wikidata (CC0), HCED (CC0) and Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0); overview excerpted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).