State

New Spain

viceroyalty of the Spanish Empire (1535-1821)

See it on the map →
This boundary
1521–1820
Founded
1521
Ended
1820
Capital
Mexico City
Government
polysynodal monarchy
Languages
Spanish
Religion
Catholicism
Preceded by
Kingdom of New Spain
Succeeded by
Provincia de Nueva EspañaFirst Mexican Empire

Overview

New Spain, officially the Viceroyalty of New Spain (Spanish: Virreinato de Nueva España [birejˈnato ðe ˈnweβa esˈpaɲa]; Nahuatl languages: Yankwik Kaxtillan Birreiyotl), originally the Kingdom of New Spain, was an integral territorial entity of the Spanish Empire, established by Habsburg Spain. It was one of several domains established during the Spanish conquest of the Americas, and had its capital in Mexico City. Its jurisdiction comprised a large area of the southern and western portions of North America, mainly what became Mexico and the Southwestern United States, but also California, Florida and Louisiana; Central America (as part of Mexico); the Caribbean like Hispaniola and Martinique, and northern parts of South America, even Colombia; several Pacific archipelagos, including the Philippines and Guam. Additional Asian colonies included "Spanish Formosa", on the island of Taiwan.

Excerpt from Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

All rulers (62)

  1. Hernán Cortés1521–1522
  2. Hernán Cortés1522–1524
  3. Hernán Cortés1526
  4. Gonzalo de Sandoval1527
  5. Antonio de Mendoza1535–1550
  6. Luis de Velasco1550–1564
  7. Antonio de Mendoza1551–1552
  8. Francisco Ceinos1564–1566
  9. Gastón de Peralta, 3rd Marquis of Falces1566–1567
  10. Luis Carrillo1567–1568
  11. Martín Enríquez de Almanza1568–1580
  12. Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza, 5th Count of Coruña1580–1583
  13. Luis de Villanueva y Zapata1583–1584
  14. Pedro Moya de Contreras1584–1585
  15. Álvaro Manrique de Zúñiga, marqués de Villamanrique1585–1590
  16. Luis de Velasco, 1st Marquess of Salinas1590–1595
  17. Gaspar de Zúñiga, 5th Count of Monterrey1595–1603
  18. Luis de Velasco, 1st Marquess of Salinas1607–1611
  19. Pedro de Otálora1612
  20. Diego Fernández de Córdoba, Marquis of Guadalcázar1612–1621
  21. Diego Carrillo de Mendoza, 1st Marquis of Gelves1621–1624
  22. Lope Díez de Armendáriz, marqués de Cadereyta1635–1640
  23. Diego López Pacheco, 7th Duke of Escalona1640–1642
  24. Juan de Palafox y Mendoza1642
  25. García Sarmiento de Sotomayor, 2nd Count of Salvatierra1642–1648
  26. Marcos de Torres y Rueda1648–1649
  27. Matías de Peralta1649–1650
  28. Luis Enríquez de Guzmán, 9th Count of Alba de Liste1650–1653
  29. Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 8th Duke of Alburquerque1653–1660
  30. Juan de Leyva de la Cerda, conde de Baños1660–1664
  31. Antonio Sebastián de Toledo, 2nd Marquis of Mancera1664–1673
  32. Diego Osorio de Escobar y Llamas1664
  33. Tomás de la Cerda, 3rd Marquis of la Laguna1680–1686
  34. Juan Ortega y Montañés1696
  35. Francisco Fernández de la Cueva, 10th Duke of Alburquerque1702–1710
  36. Baltasar de Zúñiga, 1st Duke of Arión1716–1722
  37. Juan de Acuña, 1st Marquis of Casa Fuerte1722–1734
  38. Pedro de Castro, 1st Duque de la Conquista1740–1741
  39. Pedro Malo de Villavicencio1741–1742
  40. Juan Francisco de Güemes, 1st Count of Revillagigedo1746–1755
  41. Agustín de Ahumada1755–1760
  42. Joaquín de Montserrat, marqués de Cruillas1760–1766
  43. Francisco Cajigal de la Vega1760
  44. Francisco Antonio de Echávarri1760
  45. Carlos Francisco de Croix, marqués de Croix1766–1771
  46. Antonio María de Bucareli y Ursúa1771–1779
  47. Martín de Mayorga1779–1783
  48. Francisco Romá y Rosell1779
  49. Matías de Gálvez y Gallardo1783–1784
  50. Vicente de Herrera y Rivero1784–1785
  51. Bernardo de Gálvez1785–1786
  52. Eusebio Sánchez Pareja1786–1787
  53. Manuel Antonio Flórez1787–1789
  54. Juan Vicente de Güemes, 2nd Count of Revillagigedo1789–1794
  55. Miguel de la Grúa Talamanca, 1st Marquis of Branciforte1794–1798
  56. Miguel José de Azanza, Duke of Santa Fe1798–1800
  57. Félix Berenguer de Marquina1800–1803
  58. Pedro de Garibay1808–1809
  59. Francisco Javier Venegas1810–1813
  60. Pedro Catani1810
  61. Félix María Calleja del Rey, 1st Count of Calderón1813–1816
  62. Juan Ruiz de Apodaca, 1st Count of Venadito1816–1821

Records (53)

  1. 1519 — CholulaMassacre · Spain, Tlaxcans ▸ Cholula
  2. 1519 — Battle of TlaxcalaBattle · Spain ▸ Tlaxcala, Otomi
  3. 1520 — Battle of CempoalaBattle · Hernan Cortes ▸ Panfilo de Narvaez
  4. 1521 — Battle of TenochtitlanBattle · Spain ▸ Aztec Empire
  5. 1540–1542 — Mixtón WarWar
  6. 1542–1546 — Villalobos ExpeditionInvasion
  7. 1568 — Battle of San Juan de UlúaNaval battle
  8. 1586 — Battle of St AugustineBattle · England ▸ Spain
  9. 1598 — Battle of Acomo PuebloBattle · Spain ▸ Pueblo Indians
  10. 1603 — Battle of Puerto CaballosBattle
  11. 1610 — Battle of ManilaBattle · Spain ▸ Netherlands
  12. 1667 — Battle of MaracaiboBattle · England ▸ Spain
  13. 1680 — Battle of Santa FeBattle · Spain ▸ Pueblos
  14. 1688 — Mototícachi massacreMassacre
  15. 1694 — Battle of JemezBattle · Spain ▸ Pueblos
  16. 1698 — Battle of NojpetenBattle · Spain ▸ Itza Maya
  17. 1702 — Siege of St. AugustineSiege
  18. 1712 — Tzeltal Rebellion of 1712Rebellion
  19. 1720–1722 — Aguayo ExpeditionCampaign
  20. 1740 — Siege of St. AugustineSiege
  21. 1751 — Battle of Galisteo PuebloBattle · Spain, Pueblos ▸ Commanche
  22. 1758 — Battle of San SabaBattle · Commanche ▸ Spain
  23. 1762 — Battle of ManilaBattle · United Kingdom ▸ Spain
  24. 1766 — 1766 Real del Monte strikeUprising
  25. 1775 — Battle of ConcordBattle · United Kingdom ▸ United States
  26. 1778–1789 — Spanish-Karankawa WarWar
  27. 1779 — First Battle of TucsonBattle
  28. 1790 — Battle of Canon de UgaldeBattle · Mexico ▸ Apache Indians
  29. 1805 — Massacre CreekMassacre
  30. 1810 — Battle of GuanajuatoBattle
  31. 1810 — Battle of AculcoBattle · Spain ▸ Mexican Rebels
  32. 1810 — Battle of Monte de las CrucesBattle · Mexican Rebels ▸ Spain
  33. 1811 — Battle of ZitacuaroBattle · Mexican Rebels ▸ Spain
  34. 1812 — Battle of CuautlaBattle · Spain ▸ Mexican Rebels
  35. 1812 — Battle of La BahiaBattle · American Filibusters, Mexican Rebels ▸ Spain
  36. 1812 — Battle of NacogdochesBattle · American Filibusters, Texan Republicans ▸ Spain
  37. 1812 — Battle of Palmar, MexicoBattle · Mexican Rebels ▸ Spain
  38. 1812 — Battle of ZitacuaroBattle · Spain ▸ Mexican Rebels
  39. 1813 — Battle of Alazan CreekBattle · Mexican Rebels, American 'Filibusters' ▸ Spain
  40. 1813 — Battle of Medina, TexasBattle · Spain ▸ Mexican Rebels, American Filibusters
  41. 1813 — Battle of Palmar, MexicoBattle · Mexican Rebels ▸ Spain
  42. 1813 — Battle of RosilloBattle · Texan Rebels, American Filibusters ▸ Spain
  43. 1814 — Battle of PuruaranBattle · Spain ▸ Mexican Rebels
  44. 1815 — Battle of TemalacaBattle · Spain ▸ Mexican Rebels
  45. 1817 — Battle of San Juan de los LlanosBattle · Spain ▸ Mexican Rebels
  46. 1817 — Battle of Sombrero, MexicoBattle · Spain ▸ Mexican Rebels
  47. 1817 — Battle of Soto La MarinaBattle · Spain ▸ Mexican Rebels
  48. 1821 — Siege of VeracruzSiege
  49. 1861 — Battle of Santa Rosa IslandBattle · United States ▸ Confederate States of America
  50. 1898 — Battle of CoamoBattle · United States ▸ Spain
  51. 1898 — Battle of GuanicaBattle · United States ▸ Spain
  52. 1898 — Battle of San Juan, Puerto Rico (1st)Battle · United States ▸ Spain
  53. 1898 — Battle of San Juan, Puerto Rico (2nd)Battle · United States ▸ Spain

Facts from Wikidata (CC0), HCED (CC0) and Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0); overview excerpted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

← Nations