State

Papal States

territories mostly in the Appenine Peninsula under the sovereign direct rule of the pope between 756–1870

This boundary
754–1870 CE
Founded
754 CE
Ended
1870
Capital
Rome
Government
elective monarchy, absolute theocratic monarchy
Languages
Latin
Religion
Catholic Church
Preceded by
Roman RepublicRepublic of CospaiaDuchy of SpoletoItalian United ProvincesLordship of ForlìDuchy of RomeCommune of RomeExarchate of Ravenna
Succeeded by
Vatican CityTrasimèneRoman Republic

Overview

The Papal States ( PAY-pəl); Italian: Stato Pontificio; Latin: Dicio Pontificia), officially the State of the Church (Italian: Stato della Chiesa [ˈstaːto della ˈkjɛːza]; Latin: Status Ecclesiasticus), were a conglomeration of territories on the Italian Peninsula under the direct sovereign rule of the pope from 756 to 1870. They were among the major Italian states from the 8th century until the unification of Italy, which took place between 1859 and 1870, culminating in their incorporation into the Kingdom of Italy.

Excerpt from Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

All rulers (3)

  1. Ludovico Trevisan1439
  2. Paolo Ruffini1816–1822
  3. Gregorio Ricci-Curbastro1916–1919

Records (116)

  1. 756 CE — Siege of RomeSiege
  2. 1080 — Treaty of CepranoTreaty
  3. 1167 — Battle of RomeBattle · Holy Roman Empire ▸ Papal States
  4. 1189–1191 — Siege of AcreSiege
  5. 1218–1219 — Siege of DamiettaSiege
  6. 1228–1230 — War of the KeysWar
  7. 1241 — Battle of GiglioNaval battle
  8. 1245–1247 — Portuguese Civil War of 1245–1247War
  9. 1246 — Battle of SpelloBattle
  10. 1283–1286 — Aragonese CrusadeWar
  11. 1343–1351 — Smyrniote crusadesWar
  12. 1366–1367 — Hungarian–Ottoman WarWar
  13. 1370 — Peace of BolognaTreaty
  14. 1375–1378 — War of the Eight SaintsWar
  15. 1377 — Cesena massacreMassacre
  16. 1381 — Battle of AnagniBattle · Charles of Durazzo ▸ Otto of Brunswick
  17. 1420–1424 — Mediterranean campaign of Alfonso V of AragonCampaign
  18. 1423–1424 — War of L'AquilaWar
  19. 1437–1442 — Siege of NaplesSiege
  20. 1437–1444 — Hungarian–Ottoman WarWar
  21. 1460 — Siege of KastritzaSiege
  22. 1461 — Battle of NidastoreBattle
  23. 1462 — Battle of CesanoBattle
  24. 1463–1479 — First Ottoman–Venetian WarWar
  25. 1472 — Attack on AntalyaBattle
  26. 1478–1480 — Pazzi WarWar
  27. 1479 — Battle of Poggio ImperialeBattle
  28. 1479 — Siege of Colle di Val d'ElsaSiege
  29. 1482–1484 — War of FerraraWar
  30. 1496 — Siege of AtellaSiege
  31. 1497 — Battle of SorianoBattle
  32. 1497 — Siege of OstiaSiege
  33. 1502 — Battle of CalmazzoBattle
  34. 1503 — Massacre of SenigalliaMassacre
  35. 1504 — Action off ElbaNaval battle
  36. 1508–1516 — War of the League of CambraiWar
  37. 1509 — Siege of PaduaSiege
  38. 1510–1511 — Siege of MirandolaSiege
  39. 1511 — Battle of CasalechioBattle · France ▸ Papal States
  40. 1512 — Battle of RavennaBattle
  41. 1515–1577 — Ottoman–Spanish WarWar
  42. 1515 — Battle of MarignanoBattle · France ▸ Switzerland
  43. 1518 — Battle of Piombino ChannelNaval battle
  44. 1521–1526 — Italian War of 1521–1526War
  45. 1521–1526 — Hungarian–Ottoman WarWar
  46. 1522 — Battle of BicoccaBattle
  47. 1522 — Siege of PaviaSiege
  48. 1523 — Siege of MilanSiege
  49. 1526–1530 — War of the League of CognacWar
  50. 1526 — Battle of GovernoloBattle
  51. 1526 — Battle of CamolliaBattle
  52. 1527 — Sack of Rome, 1527Siege
  53. 1527 — RomeMassacre · Spain, German mercenaries ▸ Papal States
  54. 1528 — Siege of NaplesSiege
  55. 1535 — Conquest of TunisSiege
  56. 1537–1540 — Third Ottoman–Venetian WarWar
  57. 1537 — Battle of AntipaxosBattle
  58. 1541 — Algiers expeditionBattle
  59. 1551–1552 — Siege of MirandolaSiege
  60. 1551–1552 — War of ParmaWar
  61. 1552 — Mediterranean campaign of 1552Campaign
  62. 1556–1557 — Salt WarWar
  63. 1560 — Battle of DjerbaNaval battle
  64. 1565 — Siege of MaltaBattle
  65. 1570–1573 — Ottoman–Venetian War of 1570–1573War
  66. 1571 — Battle of LepantoNaval battle
  67. 1572 — Skirmish at Cerigo ChannelNaval battle
  68. 1593–1606 — Long WarWar
  69. 1593 — Battle of SzékesfehérvárBattle
  70. 1619 — Attack on SousseBattle
  71. 1624 — Action of 3 October 1624Naval battle
  72. 1637 — Battle of Monte BaldoBattle · France, Savoy ▸ Spain
  73. 1643 — Battle of MongiovinoBattle
  74. 1645–1669 — Cretan War of 1645-1669War
  75. 1645 — Siege of ChaniaSiege
  76. 1646 — Siege of RethymnoSiege
  77. 1648–1669 — Siege of CandiaBattle
  78. 1657 — Battle of the DardanellesNaval battle
  79. 1660 — Siege of ChaniaSiege
  80. 1684–1699 — Morean WarWar
  81. 1684 — Siege of Santa MauraSiege
  82. 1692 — Siege of ChaniaSiege
  83. 1696 — Battle of Andros (1696)Naval battle
  84. 1708–1709 — War of ComacchioWar
  85. 1716 — Siege of CorfuSiege
  86. 1717 — Battle of MatapanNaval battle
  87. 1718 — Battle of ElafonisosNaval battle
  88. 1718 — Battle of Cape PassaroBattle · United Kingdom ▸ Spain
  89. 1744 — Battle of VelletriBattle · Spain, Naples ▸ Austria
  90. 1796 — Armistice of BolognaTreaty
  91. 1801 — Concordat of 1801Treaty
  92. 1815 — Siege of AnconaSiege
  93. 1815 — Battle of CasagliaBattle · Habsburg Empire ▸ Kingdom of Naples
  94. 1815 — Battle of CesenaticoBattle · Habsburg Empire ▸ Kingdom of Naples
  95. 1815 — Battle of FerraraBattle · Austria ▸ Naples
  96. 1815 — Battle of OcchiobelloBattle · Habsburg Empire ▸ Kingdom of Naples
  97. 1815 — Battle of PesaroBattle · Habsburg Empire ▸ Kingdom of Naples
  98. 1815 — Battle of RoncoBattle · Habsburg Empire ▸ Kingdom of Naples
  99. 1815 — Battle of ScapezzanoBattle · Habsburg Empire ▸ Kingdom of Naples
  100. 1815 — Battle of TolentinoBattle · Habsburg Empire ▸ Kingdom of Naples
  101. 1821 — Battle of RietiBattle · Austria ▸ Neapolitan Rebels
  102. 1831 — Battle of RiminiBattle · Habsburg Empire ▸ Modenan Rebels
  103. 1832 — Cesena and Forlì massacresMassacre
  104. 1848 — Austrian invasion of the Papal StatesInvasion
  105. 1849 — Battle of PalestrinaBattle · Garibaldi's Redshirts ▸ Naples
  106. 1849 — Battle of RomeBattle · France ▸ Roman Republic
  107. 1849 — Battle of VelletriBattle · Garibaldi's Redshirts ▸ Naples
  108. 1859 — 1859 Perugia uprisingRebellion
  109. 1860 — Battle of CastelfidardoBattle
  110. 1860 — Siege of AnconaSiege
  111. 1860 — Piedmontese invasion of the Papal StatesInvasion
  112. 1867 — Battle of MentanaBattle
  113. 1867 — Battle of MonterotondoBattle
  114. 1867 — Battle of MontelibrettiBattle
  115. 1867 — Agro Romano campaign for the liberation of RomeCampaign
  116. 1867 — Battle of Villa GloriBattle

Facts from Wikidata (CC0), HCED (CC0) and Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0); overview excerpted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

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