Staat
Sultanat der Mameluken
Egyptian state spanning in Hejaz and the Levant (1250–1517)
- Diese Grenze
- 1250–1517
- Gegründet
- 1250
- Ende
- 1517
- Hauptstadt
- Kairo
- Regierungsform
- Monarchie
- Sprachen
- Arabisch, Mamluk-Kipchak
- Vorgänger
- Abbasiden-KalifatKönigreich JerusalemAyyubid Egypt
- Nachfolger
- Hebeşe
Überblick
The Mamluk Sultanate (Arabic: سلطنة المماليك, romanized: Salṭanat al-Mamālīk), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries, with Cairo as its capital. It was ruled by a military caste of mamluks (freed slave soldiers) headed by a sultan. The sultanate was established with the overthrow of the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt in 1250 and was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1517. Mamluk history is generally divided into the Turkic or Bahri period (1250–1382) and the Circassian or Burji period (1382–1517), named after the predominant ethnicity or corps of the ruling Mamluks during these respective eras.
Alle Herrscher (89)
- Abu l-Abbas as-Saffah750–754 n. Chr.
- al-Mansur754–775 n. Chr.
- Al-Mahdi775–785 n. Chr.
- Al-Hādī785–786 n. Chr.
- Hārūn ar-Raschīd786–809 n. Chr.
- Al-Amin809–813 n. Chr.
- al-Maʾmūn813–833 n. Chr.
- Al-Muʿtasim833–842 n. Chr.
- Al-Wāthiq842–847 n. Chr.
- Al-Mutawakkil847–861 n. Chr.
- Al-Muntasir861–862 n. Chr.
- Al-Musta'in bi-llah862–865 n. Chr.
- Al-Muʿtazz866–869 n. Chr.
- Al-Muhtadi869–870 n. Chr.
- Al-Mu'tamid870–892 n. Chr.
- Al-Mu'tadid bi-'llah892–902 n. Chr.
- Al-Muktafi902–908 n. Chr.
- Al-Muqtadir908–932 n. Chr.
- Al-Qahir932–934 n. Chr.
- Ar-Rādī934–940 n. Chr.
- Al-Muttaqi940–944 n. Chr.
- Al-Mustakfī944–946 n. Chr.
- Al-Mutīʿ946–974 n. Chr.
- At-Tā'iʿ974–991 n. Chr.
- Al-Qādir991–1031 n. Chr.
- Al-Qa'im bi-amri 'llah1031–1075
- Al-Muqtadi1075–1094
- Al-Mustazhir bi-'llah1094–1118
- Al-Mustarschid1118–1135
- Ar-Raschid1135–1136
- Al-Muqtafī bi-'llāh1136–1160
- Al-Mustandschid1160–1170
- Saladin1169–1193
- Al-Mustadī'1170–1180
- An-Nāsir li-Dīn Allāh1180–1225
- Al-Aziz1193–1198
- Al-Mansur1198–1200
- Al-Adil I.1200–1217
- Al-Kamil1218–1238
- Az-Zāhir bi-amr Allāh1225–1226
- Al-Mustansir1226–1242
- Al-Adil II.1238–1240
- As-Salih1240–1249
- Al-Musta'sim bi-'llah1242–1258
- Turan Schah1249–1250
- Schadschar ad-Durr1250
- Izz ad-Din Aibak1250
- Al-Aschraf1250–1254
- Izz ad-Din Aibak1254–1257
- Ali I.1257–1259
- Saif ad-Din Qutuz1259–1260
- Baibars I.1260–1277
- Al-Mustansir II.1261
- Al-Hakim I1262–1302
- Berke Qan1277–1279
- Qalawun1279–1290
- Solamisch1279
- Chalil1290–1293
- Al-Malik an-Nasir Muhammad1293–1294
- Kitbugha1294–1296
- Ladschin1296–1299
- Al-Malik an-Nasir Muhammad1299–1309
- Al-Mustakfi I.1302–1340
- Baibars II.1308–1309
- Baibars II.1309–1310
- Al-Malik an-Nasir Muhammad1310–1341
- Al-Wathiq I.1336–1341
- Al-Aschraf Kudschuk1341–1342
- Al-Mansur Abu Bakr1341
- Al-Hakim II.1341–1352
- An-Nasir Ahmad I.1342
- As-Salih Ismail1342–1345
- Al-Kamil Schaban I.1345–1346
- Al-Muzaffar Haddschi I.1346–1347
- An-Nasir al-Hasan1347–1351
- As-Salih Salih1351–1354
- Al-Mu'tadid I1352–1362
- An-Nasir al-Hasan1355–1361
- Al-Mansur Muhammad II.1361–1363
- Al-Aschraf Schaban1363–1377
- Al-Mansur Ali II.1377–1381
- As-Salih Haddschi II.1381–1382
- As-Salih Haddschi II.1389–1390
- Faradsch1399–1405
- Faradsch1405–1412
- Al-Mansur Abd al-Aziz1405
- al-Mustain1412
- Al-Mu'tadid II1414–1441
- Hammud ibn Muhammad ibn Said1896–1902
Einträge (83)
- 1250 — Battle of FariskurSchlacht · Egypt ▸ France
- 1250 — Battle of Mansura, EgyptSchlacht · Ayubbid Egypt ▸ France
- 1251 — Battle of al-KuraSchlacht
- 1256 — Battle of JaffaSchlacht
- 1260 — Schlacht bei ʿAin DschālūtSchlacht
- 1260 — Erste Schlacht von HomsSchlacht
- 1261–1262 — Siege of MosulBelagerung
- 1265 — Fall of ArsufBelagerung
- 1265 — Fall of HaifaBelagerung
- 1265 — Fall of CaesareaBelagerung
- 1265 — Battle of the OrontesSchlacht
- 1266 — Battle of MariSchlacht
- 1266 — Siege of SafedBelagerung
- 1266 — Battle of Al-RuwaysSchlacht
- 1268 — Belagerung von Antiochia (1268)Belagerung
- 1268 — Fall of JaffaSchlacht
- 1268 — Fall of Beaufort CastleBelagerung
- 1269 — Battle of Toron SaladiniSchlacht
- 1271 — Fall of Krak des ChevaliersBelagerung
- 1271 — Siege of TripoliBelagerung
- 1271 — Battle of QaqunSchlacht
- 1271 — Fall of Montfort CastleBelagerung
- 1271 — Fall of GibelacarBelagerung
- 1271 — Battle of Krak de ChevaliersSchlacht · Mamlukes ▸ Knights Hospitallier
- 1272 — Siege of al-BiraBelagerung
- 1276 — Battle of DongolaSchlacht
- 1276 — Second Battle of Sarvandik'arSchlacht
- 1280 — Battle of al-JassoraSchlacht
- 1280 — Battle of GazaSchlacht
- 1281 — Zweite Schlacht von HomsSchlacht
- 1281 — Battle of HomsSchlacht · Mamlukes ▸ Mongols, Armenia, Crusaders
- 1285 — Siege of MargatBelagerung
- 1287 — Fourth battle of DongolaSchlacht
- 1289 — Fall of TripoliBelagerung
- 1289 — Battle of Tripoli, LebanonSchlacht · Mamluks, Syria ▸ County of Tripoli, Crusaders
- 1291 — Belagerung von AkkonSchlacht
- 1292 — Siege of RumkaleBelagerung
- 1292–1305 — Kisrawan campaignsFeldzug
- 1299 — Battle of Wadi al-KhaznadarSchlacht
- 1300 — Capture of DamascusBelagerung
- 1302 — Belagerung von AruadBelagerung
- 1303 — Battle of Marj al-SaffarSchlacht
- 1303 — Battle of AleppoSchlacht
- 1312–1313 — Siege of Al-RahbaBelagerung
- 1365 — Battle of AlexandriaSchlacht · Cyprus ▸ Egypt
- 1367 — Battle of TripoliSchlacht
- 1367 — Battle of CairoSchlacht
- 1375 — Fall of SisBelagerung
- 1383 — Battle of BeirutSchlacht
- 1390–1399 — Bayezid I's Anatolian campaignsFeldzug
- 1400–1401 — Siege of DamascusBelagerung
- 1400 — Battle of AleppoSchlacht
- 1400 — Battle of AleppoSchlacht
- 1400–1401 — Syrian campaignFeldzug
- 1407 — Çekem's Aq Qoyunlu campaignFeldzug
- 1409 — Mamluk campaign against Mecca (1409)Krieg
- 1429–1433 — Edessa CampaignsFeldzug
- 1436 — Battle of DiyarbakırSchlacht
- 1438 — Aq Qoyunlu campaignFeldzug
- 1440 — Action of 1440Seeschlacht
- 1464–1465 — Siege of GergerBelagerung
- 1468 — Battle of LarendeSchlacht
- 1470–1474 — Aq Qoyunlu–Mamluk WarKrieg
- 1480 — Battle of UrfaSchlacht
- 1485–1491 — Ottoman–Mamluk WarKrieg
- 1485 — Adana campaignFeldzug
- 1485 — Battle of MalatyaSchlacht
- 1488 — Battle of Aga-CayiriSchlacht
- 1490 — Siege of KayseriBelagerung
- 1504 — Battle of PandaraneSchlacht
- 1505–1517 — Mamluk–Portuguese conflictsKrieg
- 1508 — Battle of ChaulSeeschlacht
- 1509 — Seeschlacht von DiuSeeschlacht
- 1511 — Battle of DiyarbakırSchlacht
- 1516 — Schlacht von Mardsch DabiqSchlacht
- 1516–1517 — Osmanisch-Mamlukischer Krieg (1516–1517)Krieg
- 1516 — Battle of Yaunis KhanSchlacht
- 1516 — Capture of AleppoSchlacht
- 1516 — Capture of DamascusBelagerung
- 1516 — Battle of GazaSchlacht
- 1517 — Schlacht von RaydaniyyaSchlacht
- 1517 — Capture of CairoBelagerung
- 1517 — Siege of JeddahSeeschlacht
Daten aus Wikidata (CC0), HCED (CC0) und Cliopatria (CC BY 4.0); Überblick aus Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) entnommen.